Publications

Publication:Report
 
Cover of the final report titled "Analysis of Ten Selected Crediting Methodologies for Climate-Friendly Soil Management," published by the German Environment Agency in February 2025.
This report, commissioned by the German Environment Agency and co-authored by Ecologic Institute, contains a detailed assessment of ten crediting methodologies on climate-friendly soil management measures. These crediting methodologies are examples of result-based payment and offsetting approaches to fund enhanced carbon sequestration and reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from agricultural practices. Our evaluation of these certification methodologies covers key aspects, including emission quantification, baseline setting, additionality, risk management, environmental and social impacts, and governance. We find many weaknesses with the assessed methodologies.

Analysis of ten Selected Crediting Methodologies for Climate-friendly Soil Management

Annex to the report "Funding Climate-friendly Soil Management"

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Publication:Podcast
 
In this 4th episode, together with investment and finance experts Julie Evain (I4CE) and Thomas Pellerin-Carlin (I4CE), we unpack the regulatory framework for mobilizing green investments that are needed for a climate-neutral future. Can current EU financial policies provide predictability to economic actors? Which policies do we need to ensure long-term vision toward climate neutrality? We also explore the role of the banking sector and the use of banks' transition plans to ensure banks consider climate-related risks and direct investments properly.

Regulatory Leverage: How Can the EU Foster a Green Investment Shift?

Fourth episode of the podcast "CLIMATE ON AIR – Discussing the future of EU climate policy"

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Publication:Fact Sheet
 
PONDERFUL Financing Instruments
The PONDERFUL Sustainable Finance Inventory consists of a total of 22 financing instruments for nature-based solutions (NBS). Each instrument is matched by at least one concrete example of the financing instrument in action. Different financing instruments have different strengths and weaknesses, making them more or less appropriate for different contexts and actors. The Inventory aims to support pondscape developers to understand financing options and identify the finance instruments best suited to their pondscape NBS project.

Nature-based Solutions Sustainable Financing Inventory

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Publication:Infographic
 
Illustration of multifunctional measures for urban infrastructure that combine water retention and greening. It shows green roofs, green facades, photovoltaic systems, permeable pavements, deep beds with retention space, multifunctional retention areas and a cistern for rainwater utilization. Benefits include improved air quality, noise reduction, heat reduction and resource conservation. Source: Ecologic Institute and Baden-Württemberg Ministry of the Environment.
Ecologic Institute conceived and designed several infographics for the update of the Strategy for Adaptation to Climate Change in Baden-Württemberg. These visualise some of the thematised climate impacts on the various fields of action and support the understanding of the content. The infographics are designed in accordance to the project's style guidelines.

Strategy for Adaptation to Climate Change in Baden-Württemberg – Infographic Series

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Publication:Report
 
Cover of the interim report "Funding climate-friendly soil management: Risks and key issues. Key issues to be considered in the design of funding instruments"
This report summarises key aspects that should be accounted for in the design of policy instruments to support the implementation of climate-friendly soil management measures. It outlines overarching aspects that need to be considered for any type of policy instruments, including land use competition, impacts on soil health, biodiversity impacts, ownership and rights to use of soils and social impacts.

Funding Climate-friendly Soil Management: Risks and key issues

Key issues to be considered in the design of funding instruments

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Publication:Report
 
Carbon pricing is gaining traction around the world, as more and more jurisdictions implement emissions trading systems or tax carbon emissions to achieve their climate objectives. The annual "State and Trends of Carbon Pricing" is the flagship report of the World Bank to provide a concise, up-to-date overview of what is happening in this field. With over 70,000 annual downloads, it is one of the most prominent publications on this matter.

State and Trends of Carbon Pricing Report 2023

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Publication:Article
 
print and online cover of the journal "Klima und Recht"
The COP27 in Sharm El-Sheikh was intended by the Egyptian presidency to be an implementation summit. The key outcome agreed was a financing mechanism with a fund specifically for damage and loss. Apart from that, the substantive outcomes of COP27 were mostly disappointing. This article by Dr. Ralph Bodle, Arne Riedel and Dr. Camilla Bausch provides an overview of selected outcomes, as well as insights into the process and the assessment by German civil society.

Der Klimagipfel von Sharm El-Sheikh: Fortschritt und Stillstand

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Publication:Knowledge for Future – The Environment Podcast
 
To achieve the EU climate targets, a lot of money will have to be invested – according to estimates by the EU Commission, an additional 350 billion euros per year by 2030. In order to avoid greenwashing and ensure that these funds actually flow into sustainable economic activities, the EU taxonomy has been in place since 2020. What are the weaknesses of the taxonomy, and how could it be further developed in the future?

EU-Taxonomie: Ein guter Schritt für mehr Nachhaltigkeit?

14th episode of "Knowledge for Future – The Environment Podcast"

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Publication:Policy Brief
 
Cover of the policy brief"How much will the implementation of the Nature Restoration Law cost and how much funding is available?"
Funding the implementation of the law is a key aspect and a point of tension in the negotiations. This policy brief addresses three questions: 1.) How much will implementing the NRL cost and how much funding is available? 2.) How can Member States mobilise funding for nature restoration? 3.) How do the economic benefits brought by nature restoration compare to its costs?

How Much Will the Implementation of the Nature Restoration Law Cost and How Much Funding is Available?

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Publication:Podcast
 
How do we classify which investments are the right ones to power the transition to a climate and nature-friendly economy? This is a pretty big question, and one that is crucial to a successful implementation of the European Green Deal. The EU taxonomy – the subject of our latest episode – specifies the various criteria that investments will need to fulfil to be considered sustainable. In practice, the taxonomy is a long list of economic activities with benchmark performance standards.

Fifty Shades of Green: Sustainable finance and the EU taxonomy

Seventh episode of the podcast "Green Deal – Big Deal?"

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Publication:Article
 
1st page of the online article's print version "Building climate resilience through nature-based solutions in Europe: A review of enabling knowledge, finance and governance frameworks"
In this paper, the authors review recent EU-supported research, policy, and practices to identify critical dimensions that still need to be addressed for greater uptake of NBS. While recognising the multiple societal challenges NBS can target, the authors build on the key messages from the '5th European Climate Change Adaptation conference ECCA 2021' and focus their analysis on NBS for climate change adaptation and disaster risk reduction.

Building Climate Resilience through Nature-based Solutions in Europe

A review of enabling knowledge, finance and governance frameworks

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Publication:Report
 
Document page explaining 'Efficiency and Effectiveness of Adaptation' with a focus on climate change adaptation investments. Includes a 'Stylized framework for assessing adaptation benefits' graph depicting the impact of adaptation over time, from a UNFCCC 2009 source. Text discusses how efficiency and effectiveness inform government investments in climate change, mentioning the Green Climate Fund and the necessity of evaluating adaptation actions.
The European Environment Agency's report "Costs of Adaptation versus Costs of Inaction" highlights the urgent need for climate change adaptation strategies. In the face of increasing climate events such as heatwaves, forest fires and floods, the report notes that the European Union has already taken important initiatives on adaptation, including the formulation of the EU Adaptation Strategy. This strategy aims to make adaptation measures more efficient, faster and more comprehensive and to increase international readiness to act.

Costs of Adaptation vs Costs of Inaction

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Publication:Report
 
Cover of the publication "Emission Trading and Regulation of Financial Markets"
In the light of the financial and economic crisis, the EU has further developed and tightened its regulation of the financial market in Europe. This process has also had an impact on the actors in the European carbon market and their trading strategies. This final report brings together the results of three analyses.

Emission Trading and Regulation of Financial Markets

Abschlussbericht

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Publication:Report
 
Publication's cover
The EU has raised its climate target for 2030 to at least -55 %. Agora Energiewende and Ecologic Institute sketch a "Fit for 55" package that can ensure both environmental integrity and solidarity. It investigates four options how to regulate heating and transport emissions, focusing in particular on the pros and cons of expanding emissions trading to these sectors. The paper makes the case for a smart mix of EU-level carbon pricing and companion polices.

A "Fit for 55" Package Based on Environmental Integrity and Solidarity

Designing an EU climate policy architecture for ETS and effort sharing to deliver 55% lower GHG emissions by 2030

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Publication:Policy Brief
 
publication's cover
Governments around the world are seeking to improve the way they organize their climate policy-making. Many countries are adopting national framework laws to do so. Choosing the right design is key for making these laws effective. This paper provides an update on the core elements of ten European climate laws and identifies several best practice lessons that could inform future climate law design.

Professionalizing Climate Policy via Legislation

Good Practices in Long-Term National Climate Framework Laws

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Publication:Report
 
Cover of the EEA report "Overview of Accessibility of the Climate Change Adaptation Finance Data in Europe"
The report, prepared for the European Environment Agency, examines the availability and accessibility of data on the financing of climate adaptation measures in Europe. The aim is to develop an in-depth understanding of the challenges and existing practices in collecting and analyzing this data in order to promote effective adaptation strategies.

Overview of Accessibility of the Climate Change Adaptation Finance Data in Europe

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Publication:Article
 
The EU recovery and resilience facility marks progress but has some shortcomings in climate policy, argues Nils Meyer-Ohlendorf in his OpEd for the Tagesspiegel. A bigger role for the European Parliament in the distribution of recovery funds is important – for climate protection and democracy in the EU. The facility's spending rules must be clarified.

672 Milliarden Euro – was ist drin für den Klimaschutz?

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Publication:Article
 
Nils Meyer-Ohlendorf comments on the EU corona aid package in Tagesspiegel Background. He calls for the EU Parliament to have a greater say in the matter and criticises that the aid programme is not sufficiently linked to the goal of climate neutrality by 2050.

EU-Coronamilliarden noch ohne feste Klimakriterien

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Publication:Document
 
The Corona crisis offers three important lessons for climate policies and Europe's economic recovery. First, systemic shocks – like the Corona pandemic or climate change – affect the foundations of modern societies. Second, resiliency, preparedness and time are existential factors in addressing systemic crises. Third, the world’s economic recovery must help build efficient, innovative and climate neutral economies. In turn, calls to delay climate policies draw the wrong lessons from the current crisis and undermine Europe's economic recovery. All countries, including the EU, must accelerate their emission reductions drastically.

Europe's Economic Recovery – Climate Neutral, Fair and Innovative

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Publication:Article
 
What do environmentally friendly economic stimulus programs look like? In the Tagesspiegel, Nils Meyer-Ohlendorf takes stock of the stimulus packages adopted during the 2009 financial crisis. Stimulus packages should clearly exclude measures that harm the environment.

Geld allein macht nicht glücklich

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Publication:Article
 
The enormously innovative German industry is in a position to develop many of the technical solutions required to achieve climate neutrality and bring them onto the market. However, this is not a fast-selling item, but also requires a long-term commitment from the public sector. In this article, Jan-Erik Thie and Benjamin Görlach of Ecologic Institute discuss how German industry can become climate neutral and why the public sector plays an important role. The article is available online.

Wie der klimaneutrale Umbau des Industriestandorts Deutschland gelingen kann

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Publication:Report
 
In a study for DG FISMA, Ecologic Institute and its partners supported the Technical Expert Group on Sustainable Finance in the development of screening criteria for agriculture activities. The criteria are presented in the Technical Report on EU Sustainable Finance Taxonomy. The report is available for download and the call for feedback is open until 13 September 2019. Following this consultation, the TEG will issue recommendations to support the development of future legislation on EU Sustainable Finance Taxonomy.

EU Sustainable Finance Taxonomy – Technical Report

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Publication:Report
 
Bangladesh needs to turn its pledges into effective policy instrument to realize the promises about greenhouse gas (GHG) mitigation made in the Nationally Determined Contributions (NDC). In that regard, analyzing the energy and climate policies of Bangladesh and consulting with the stakeholders from Bangladesh and other countries, Shafiqul Alam provides insights on the possible policy instrument for Bangladesh to achieve the target of NDC and raises some fundamental policy issues. His study is available for download.

Carbon Pricing to Contribute to Greenhouse Gas Mitigation Efforts of Bangladesh: Design features and rationale

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Publication:Report
 
The European Union is currently pursuing two important processes that can mutually support one another: implementing its 2030 climate and energy targets and defining the EU budget for the years 2021-2027. An Ecologic Institute analysis points out several ways to effectively connect EU funding with climate action and identifies hooks in the proposed legislation. The analysis is available for download.

Bringing Paris into the Future EU Budget

How to maximise the benefits of EU funding for the achievement of EU climate objectives

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Publication:Brochure
 
This brochure includes a set of infographics presenting the top 20 innovative bio-based products in Europe. Through an assessment of the active marketplace, EU-based development, innovation degree and market potential, the top 20 most innovative BBPs holding the greatest promise for commercial deployment within the next 5–10 years were identified. This selection includes engineering materials, new bioplastics, high added-value products for demanding applications in the pharmaceutical and biomedical fields as well as sustainable substitutes for critical raw materials. The brochure is available for download.

Top Emerging Bio-based Products, their Properties and Industrial Applications

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Publication:Brochure
 
Bio-based industries aim to convert biological inputs, residue and wastes into greener everyday products. The industry is small compared to more traditional ones and it is a nascent industry undergoing rapid developments. Developing bio-based products demand technological innovations and market development. The fifteen success stories of specific bio-based products in this brochure, span over nine EU Member States, and they cover a wide range of products and applications. The brochure is available for download.

Bio-based Products – from idea to market

15 EU success stories

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Publication:Report
 
The long-term transformation to a low-carbon economy requires innovation in technology and existing practices in all sectors of the economy. The Innovation Fund under the EU Emissions Trading System is meant to support such innovation projects in industry and energy. According to analysis by the Ecologic Institute, the IF should focus on break-through projects with a high additional emission reduction effect and provide adequate financing conditions that allow also for high risk projects to be supported.

The Innovation Fund: How can it support low-carbon industry in Europe?

Design recommendations for the successor instrument to the NER 300 in Phase 4 of the EU ETS

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Publication:Policy Brief
 
This T20 Policy Brief sends a loud exhortation to the leaders meeting in the G20 Summit in Hamburg in July 2017. T20 or "Think 20" is a network of think tanks in the G20 countries, and 23 experts in 13 think tanks in 8 countries contributed to this policy brief. Ecologic Institute founder R. Andreas Kraemer, Senior Fellow at the Centre for International Governance Innovation (CIGI), led the drafting, and Benjamin Boteler, Ina Krüger, and Grit Martinez of Ecologic Institute contributed. The policy brief is available for download.

Sustainable Ocean Economy, Innovation and Growth

A G20 Initiative for the 7th Largest Economy in the World

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Publication:Document
 
For more than a quarter century, cutting-edge professionals in Germany and the United States have laid the foundation for a fundamental transformation of the financial industry. Due to their foresight and creativity, the world economy is poised to transition from a fossil fuel-oriented past to a sustainable, clean energy future. Several questions, however, still require answers. How can new opportunities be dynamically leveraged? What new risks are involved and how can they be managed? How best can ESG and sustainability indicators be quantified and integrated into the decision making process? And how do we move forward confidently amidst regulatory and policy uncertainty? Our goal was to determine what questions we should be asking as we set the stage for further research and dialogue, putting those of us committed to protecting the environment and the expansion of prosperity in position to create a dynamic and sustainable future.

Decarbonization of Finance

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Publication:Report
 
The present briefing provides an overview of the history of the plant, and of the legal measures taken to address the company's failure to comply with applicable environmental legislation, as well as the environmental, economic and health impacts of the lack of environmental compliance. The briefing is available for download.

The ILVA Industrial Site in Taranto

Analysis for the ENVI Committee

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Publication:Document
 
Investment protection and investment tribunals are among the most contentious subjects of TTIP and CETA. Could a permanent Court of Arbitration address the problems of ad hoc tribunals? In this comment (German only), Nils Meyer-Ohlendorf discusses the pro and cons of a permanent Court of Arbitration. The comment is available for download. <br /><br /><br /><br />

Schiedsgerichtshof für Investitionsstreitigkeiten

Lösung für fairen internationalen Investitionsschutz?

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Publication:Document
 
Is the Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (CETA) the beginning of a new era of investment protection under free trade agreements, one that addresses long standing concerns surrounding investment protection? The answer to these questions is, by and large, no. CETA's investment chapter is not only superfluous but harmful because, among other reasons, it distorts competition at the expense of domestic competitors. The comments of Dr. Nils Meyer-Ohlendorf, Senior Fellow at Ecologic Institute, are available for download.

Comments on Investment Protection under CETA

Good or bad; new or old?

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Publication:Report
 
In this report by Ecologic Institute, the authors analyze the conditions for accessing the main European trading centers for emission allowances. The authors examine possible interactions between the primary and secondary markets and question whether a relationship between the price developments on the primary and the secondary market exists. The comprehensive empirical survey also represents the acquisition channels of German plant operators in the EU Emissions Trading Scheme (EU-ETS). The report is available for download.

Begleitung und Evaluierung der Umsetzung von EU-Versteigerungsverfahren für die Handelsperiode 2013-2020 bzw. 2012-2020 im Luftverkehr aus ökonomischer Perspektive

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Publication:Article
 
In this article, published in the journal Frankfurter Hefte, Christiane Gerstetter from Ecologic Instiute takes a stand on environmental aspects in the discussion on the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP) that is currently negotiated between the EU and the USA.

Viel Schatten, wenig Licht

TTIP aus Umweltsicht

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Publication:Report
 
A recent study provides the members of the European Parliament Committee on Environment, Public Health, and Food Safety (ENVI Committee) with the needed expertise to monitor the ongoing negotiations for the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP) agreement. The study was co-authored by Ecologic Institute, Bio IS, and the Institute for European Environmental Policy (IEEP) and serves as a follow-up to a 2013 study entitled "Legal Implications of TTIP for the Acquis Communautaire in ENVI Relevant Sectors."

ENVI Relevant Legislative Areas of the EU-US Trade and Investment Partnership Negotiations (TTIP)

Study for the ENVI Committee

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Publication:Report
 
This study conducted by Ecologic Institute with support from the Heinrich Boell Foundation aims at providing factual background to the debate on regulatory cooperation within the TTIP. The study looks at whether fears are justified that regulatory cooperation could lead to loweer levels of protection in the EU (and to a lesser extent) in the US and parliamentary processes being bypassed. The study is available for download.

Regulatory Cooperation under TTIP – a Risk for Democracy and National Regulation?

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Publication:Book Section
 
Energy subsidies come in many shapes and forms. Reducing them is a rare win-win. Both public budgets and the climate would profit. In this book chapter, Frans Oosterhuis and Katharina Umpfenbach are digging into the conundrum why energy subsidy reform remains slow across the world despite its obvious benefits.

Energy Subsidies

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Publication:Report
 
This short study that Ecologic Institute produced for the Greens in the European Parliament, examines the competitiveness of European Eco-Industries. The key finding is that Eco-Industries have been a source of economic growth, particularly at times when other parts of the economy contracted. The short study is available for download.

How Crisis-resistant and Competitive are Europe's Eco-Industries?

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Publication:Report
 
In this study for the Heinrich Böll Foundation, Christiane Gerstetter and Nils Meyer-Ohlendorf of Ecologic Institute look at the "I" in TTIP, investment rules in the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership under negotiation between the US and the EU. They assess the impact of investor-state dispute settlement (ISDS) rules on environmental regulation by analysing existing case law. The study is available for download.

Investor-state Dispute Settlement under TTIP – a Risk for Environmental Regulation?

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Publication:Report
 
Ecologic Institute and BIO IS were commissioned by the European Parliament to investigate the potential impacts of the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP) on the EU's environmental and food safety policies and the EU's right to regulate. TTIP is currently being negotiated between the US and the EU. The study provides recommendations regarding the role of the European Parliament in the negotiation of TTIP. The study is available for download.

Legal Implications of TTIP for the Acquis Communautaire in ENVI Relevant Sectors

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Publication:Infographic
 
This infographic was developed within the project "DYNAmic policy MIXes for Absolute Decoupling of Environmental Impact of EU Resource Use from Economic Growth (DYNAMIX)". It communicates 5 key targets regarding resource use and visualizes that there are different pathways to an economy that respects planetary boundaries. Different versions of the infographic were developed for use in online and print media, as well as a version with reduced text for PowerPoint presentations.

Respecting Planetary Boundaries

EU policy pathways to DYNAMIX 2050 vision

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Publication:Policy Brief
 
This policy report compares approaches to sustainable transportation financing in the U.S. and Germany, with a focus on Northern Virginia and the Stuttgart region. Max Gruenig and Dominic Marcellino, Senior Fellow Ecologic Institute Berlin and Fellow Ecologic Institute Washington DC respectively, are co-authors with Andrea Broaddus, PhD Candidate at the University of California at Berkeley. The policy report is available for download.

Financing Sustainable Transportation

An Overview of Finance Mechanisms and Cases from the U.S. and Germany

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Publication:Article
 
After the Fukushima incident, Germany was unique in being able to pass a law aiming to close all nuclear power plants by the end of 2022. Investments in the development, demonstration, and deployment of renewable energies over the past decades, along with the "feed-in tariff," which since 1991 has rewarded successful operators of renewable power plants, enabled Germany to do so.

Germany, Fukushima and Global Nuclear Governance

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Publication:Report
 
The European Union needs a common vision for its energy future. A shift towards renewable energy sources will increase security of supply, improve the competitiveness of the European economy, and put Europe on a path towards sustainability. The Heinrich Böll Foundation commissioned a working group of experts from different backgrounds to provide a collection of policy ideas for two key areas that will define the future of renewable energy development in Europe: grids, and support and remuneration schemes for renewable energy technologies. The report 'A European Union for Renewable Energy' was co-authored by Sascha Müller-Kraenner, Partner of Ecologic Institute and Susanne Langsdorf, researcher at Ecologic Institute. The study is available for download.

A European Union for Renewable Energy

Policy Options for Better Grids and Support Schemes

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Publication:Website
 
The EU research project DYNAMIX identified dynamic and robust policy mixes that support absolute decoupling of the EU's resource use and associated environmental impacts from economic activities. Ecologic Institute created a website for the DYNAMIX project. The website serves as a platform to present the project's initiatives, structure, partners, events and results.

DYNamic policy MIXes for absolute decoupling of environmental impact of EU resource use from economic growth (DYNAMIX)

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Publication:Book
 
This collection of essays brings together more than twenty experts with diverse professional and geographic backgrounds for a discussion of the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) and its prospective role beyond 2012. Using conceptual analyses and a series of evidence-based case studies, the authors identify important challenges and opportunities on the path towards CDM reform. Michael Mehling, President of the Ecologic Institute in Washington DC, is one of the book's editors and contributed to several chapters.

Improving the Clean Development Mechanism

Options and Challenges Post-2012

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Publication:Article
 
How can philanthropists make informed and responsible choices when investing the endowment of their foundation? How can they avoid destroying with their investments what they seek to protect with their grants? R. Andreas Kraemer of Ecologic Institute makes concrete suggestions in his article in the summer 2011 Philanthropy Letter of the Fondation de Luxembourg.

Aligning Asset Management with Cause

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Publication:Report
 
In his 2010 State of the Union address, President Obama declared the need for "serious investments in clean energy" because "the nation that leads the clean energy economy will be the nation that leads the global economy". In a new paper funded by the German Marshall Fund of the United States under the Transatlantic Climate Bridge initiative, authors from the Ecologic Institute in Washington DC and Berlin identify investment needs and policy incentives required to achieve this transition to a clean energy economy.

Transforming Economies through Green Investment

Needs, Progress and Policies

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Publication:Book
 
At the EU level, there is great need for legal reforms concerning the liability of enterprises for violations of human rights and environmental norms abroad. This is the result of a study co-authored by Christiane Gerstetter, Fellow Ecologic Legal and pro bono lawyer for the European Center for Constitutional and Human Rights.

Unternehmensverantwortung

Vorschläge für EU-Reformen

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Publication:Report
 
Görlach, Benjamin; Nils Meyer-Ohlendorf; Michael Kohlhaas 2009: Nachhaltig aus der Krise. Analyse möglicher Beiträge einer ökologischen Finanzreform.

Nachhaltig aus der Krise

Analyse möglicher Beiträge einer ökologischen Finanzreform

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Publication:Document
 
This paper first analyses the 2009 stimulus packages of six EU Member States – namely, Austria, Germany, France, Poland, Slovenia and the UK – with a focus on the potential of the packages to contribute to the implementation of the EU Sustainable Development Strategy (EU SDS) and the Lisbon Strategy. In Chapter 4, the paper discusses the extent to which the packages help implement the EU SDS and Lisbon strategies. Chapter 5 draws conclusions and presents recommendations. An annex provides an overview of the targets and implementation status of the EU SDS and the Lisbon Strategy.

Economic Stimulus in Europe – Accelerating Progress towards Sustainable Development?

ESDN Meeting, Prague June 2009, Background Paper

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Publication:Document
 
This brief expert report analyses the extent to which the economic stimulus packages launched in 2009 have the potential to drive forward a fundamental and sustainable transformation of the economy or to create new "path dependencies", i.e. to encourage businesses to remain in traditional industries or production methods that have been identified as unsustainable. For these purposes, this study analyses the economic stimulus packages of Germany, Great Britain, South Korea and the USA and briefly presents the programmes of China and Japan. Only initial estimates can be made in the context of this study, assuming that every euro or dollar spent in a given area has a similar environmental impact.

Analyse der Konjunkturprogramme zur Bewältigung der Finanz- und Wirtschaftskrise aus Umweltsicht

Expertise für das WBGU-Hauptgutachten

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Publication:Book Section
 
Export Credit Agencies (ECAs) play a substantial role in the financing of infrastructure in developing countries. As the activities of ECAs are backed-up by public resources, national governments have the power to set guidelines for ECA lending policies. Most governments include social and environmental aspects in their ECA guidelines. This book section has a closer look at the role of transparency, information disclosure and participation in the cover decisions of ECAs.

Transparency, Information Disclosure and Participation in Export Credit Agency Cover Decisions

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Publication:Report
 
Görlach, B., R. Landgrebe-Trinkunaite, E. Interwies, M. Bouzit, D. Darmendrail and J.-D. Rinaudo (2004): Assessing the Economic Impact of Soil Degradation. Volume IV: Executive Summary. Study commissioned by The European Commisson, DG Environment, Sudy Contract ENV.B.1/ETU/2003/0024. Berlin: Ecologic

Assessing the Economic Impacts of Soil Degradation

Volume Ill: Empirical Estimation of the Impacts

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Publication:Report
 
Görlach, B., R. Landgrebe-Trinkunaite, E. Interwies, M. Bouzit, D. Darmendrail and J.-D. Rinaudo (2004): Assessing the Economic Impact of Soil Degradation. Volume IV: Executive Summary. Study commissioned by The European Commisson, DG Environment, Sudy Contract ENV.B.1/ETU/2003/0024. Berlin: Ecologic

Assessing the Economic Impacts of Soil Degradation

Volume IV: Executive Summary

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