Content
List of tables
List of figures
List of boxes
Glossary
1. Introduction
1.1 Context
1.2 Objectives
2. Effects of agriculture on nutrient cycles
2.1 Transformation and transfer of nutrients in the different environmental compartments (soil, water, air, biota)
2.1.1 Nutrient cycles in natural ecosystems
2.1.2 Main drivers having an effect on nutrient cycles
2.1.3 Interaction between cycles
2.2 Effects of agriculture on nutrient transformations and transfers
2.2.1 Role of livestock production
2.2.2 Role of crop production (crops and grass-crops)
2.3 Potential impacts of nutrient losses on water, air, soil, biodiversity, climate and human health
2.3.1 Impacts on climate
2.3.2 Impacts on air
2.3.3 Impacts on water
2.3.4 Impacts on soil
2.3.5 Impacts on biodiversity
2.3.6 Impacts on human health
2.3.7 Synthesis of the impacts (environmental consequences of nutrient excess)
3. Solutions to reduce the impacts of nutrient losses
3.1 Review of possible solutions
3.2 Solutions for livestock production
3.2.1 Reducing the sources of contamination
3.2.2 Improving nutrient efficiency
3.2.3 Controlling the contamination pathways
3.3 Solutions for crop production
3.3.1 Reducing the sources of contamination
3.3.2 Improving nutrient efficiency
3.3.3 Controlling the contamination pathways
3.4 Focus on manure transfer
3.4.1 Principles of manure transfer
3.4.2 Regulatory framework
3.4.3 Market for manure and economic opportunities for farmers through manure processing
3.4.4 Transportation of manure
3.4.5 Organic matter balance
3.4.6 Animal health aspects
4. Identification of nutrient saturated and nutrient scarce areas
4.1 Nutrient budget in agriculture
4.1.1 Defining nutrient budget
4.1.2 Mapping nutrient budgets
4.2 Nutrient saturated regions in EU-28
4.2.1 Analysis of the available maps of nutrient budgets
4.2.2 Analysis of the applicability of map results for 2000-2005 to the current period
4.2.3 Analysis of the pollution risk
4.2.4 Complementary criteria used to select saturated regions
4.2.5 Summary of selected nutrient saturated regions
4.3 Nutrient scarce regions in EU-28
4.3.1 Analysis of the available maps on nutrient budget
4.3.2 Analysing nutrient scarcity
5. Case studies
5.1 Brittany (FR)
5.1.1 Notable impacts of nutrient surplus
5.1.2 Causes of nutrient losses
5.1.3 Costs of the environmental and health effects
5.1.4 Good practices to reduce nutrient losses at farm level
5.2 Central Denmark (DK)
5.2.1 Notable impacts of nutrient surplus
5.2.2 Causes of nutrient losse
5.2.3 Costs of environmental and health effects
5.2.4 Good practices to reduce nutrient losses at farm level
5.3 Lombardy (IT)
5.3.1 Notable impacts of nutrient surplus
5.3.2 Causes of nutrient losses
5.3.3 Costs of the environmental and health effects
5.3.4 Good practices to reduce nutrient losses at farm level
5.4 Murcia (ES)
5.4.1 Notable impacts of nutrient surplus
5.4.2 Causes of nutrient losses
5.4.3 Costs of the environmental and health effects
5.4.4 Good practices to reduce nutrient losses at farm level
5.5 North-Brabant (NL)
5.5.1 Notable impacts of nutrient surplus
5.5.2 Causes of nutrient losses
5.5.3 Costs of the environmental and heath effects
5.5.4 Good practices to reduce nutrient losses at fa rm level
5.6 Southern and Eastern Ireland (IE)
5.6.1 Notable impacts of nutrient surplus
5.6.2 Causes of nutrient losses
5.6.3 Costs of the environmental and health effects
5.6.4 Good practices to reduce the nutrient losses at farm level
5.7 Weser-Ems (DE)
5.7.1 Notable impacts of nutrient surplus
5.7.2 Causes of nutrient losses
5.7.3 Costs of the environmental and health effects
5.7.4 Good practices to reduce nutrient losses at farm level
5.8 Wielkopolskie (PL)
5.8.1 Notable impacts of nutrient surplus
5.8.2 Causes of nutrient losses
5.8.3 Costs of the environmental and health effects
5.8.4 Good practices to reduce nutrient losses at farm level
6. Conclusion
References