Innovation and Policy Learning in a Federal Structure

Introduction
1.1 Motivation and Objectives
1.2 Methodology
1.3 Structure of the Report
1.4 Acknowledgements
2 The European Community and Member States in Environmental Policy
2.1 Competence of the Member States in Non-Harmonised Area
2.2 Competence of the Member States in Harmonised Area
2.2.1 Minimum Standards in the Secondary Legislation
2.2.2 Article 1OOa TEC
2.2.3 Article 130t TEC
3 Approaches to Pollution Control
3.1 Standards Along the Pathway of Pollution
3.1.1 Biological Standards
3.1 .2 Exposure Standards
3.1 .3 Environmental Quality Standards
3.1.4 Critical Loads
3.1 .5 Emission Standards
3.1 .6 Process or Operating Standards
3.1.7 ProductStandards
3.2 Combination of Standards
4 Analysis of the Different Sectors in Germany
4.1 Environmental Legislation and Administration in a Federal Structure
4.1.1 Division of Competencies for Legislation
4.1.2 Administrative Structures
4.1.3 Authorities and Public Bodies with Authority for Environmental Protection
4.1 .4 Legal Sources in Environmental Protection
4.2 Water Management
4.2.1 The Acquis Communautaire in Water Management
4.2.2 Framework Competency in Water Management
4.2.3 Stricter Standards in German Water Management
4.2.4 Summary of Water Management
4.3 Waste Management
4.3.1 The Acquis Communautaire in Waste Management
4.3.2 Concurrent Competency in the Waste Management
4.3.3 Stricter Standards in Waste Management
4.3.4 Summary of Waste Management
4.4 Air Pollution
4.4.1 The Acquis Communautaire in Air Pollution Control Policy
4.4.2 Concurrent Competency in German Air Legislation
4.4.3 Stricter Standards in German Air Legislation
4.4.4 Summary of Air Pollution Control
4.5 Stratospheric Ozone and Climate Change
4.5.1 The Acquis Communautaire in Stratospheric Ozone and Climate Changes
4.5.2 Competency in Relation to Stratospheric Ozone
4.5.3 Stricter Standards in Stratospheric Ozone
4.5.4 Summary of Stratospheric Ozone Policy
4.6 Climate Change
4.6.1 The Acquis Communautaire in Climate Change
4.6.2 Competency in Relation to Climate Change
4.6.3 Stricter Standards in Climate Change
4.6.4 Summary on Climate Change
5 Environmental Innovation in a "Federal Structure"
5.1 Policy Learning in Germany'
5.1.1 Water Resource Taxes
5.1.2 Hazardous Waste Disposal
5.1.3 Conclusions on policy learning in Germany
5.2 Policy Learning in the European Union
5.2.1 Large Combustion Plant Directive
5.2.2 The Negotiations in the Council of Ministers
5.2.3 Conclusions on Policy Learning in the European Union
5.3 Policy learning in Germany and the European Community
6 Conclusions
7 List of Tables
8 Bibliography
Annex: Findings of Phase One